2,3-butanedione

diacetyl

biacetyl

Butane-2,3-dione

431-03-8

dimethylglyoxal

Butanedione

dimethyl diketone

2,3-diketobutane

Dimethyl glyoxal

2,3-Butadione

2,3-dioxobutane

butadione

Glyoxal, dimethyl-

2,3-butandione

Diacetyl (natural)

FEMA No. 2370

Butan-2,3-dione

CCRIS 827

HSDB 297

NSC 8750

MFCD00008756

UN2346

2,3-Butanedione-13C2

AI3-03313

K324J5K4HM

DTXSID6021583

CHEBI:16583

NSC-8750

2.3-butanedione

EINECS 207-069-8

BRN 0605398

UNII-K324J5K4HM

butane 2

butane-2

Biacetyl; BDM

2,3 butandione

Buta-2,3-dione

DIACETYL [FHFI]

DIACETYL [HSDB]

DIACETYL [FCC]

Butanedione [UN2346] [Flammable liquid]

DIACETYL [MI]

Lopac-D-3634

Butanedione [UN2346]

2,3-Butanedione, 97%

Lopac0_000387

4-01-00-03644 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)

Diacetyl, natural, >=95%

WLN: 1VV1

(CH3CO)2

CHEMBL365809

DTXCID701583

SGCUT00113

2,3-Butanedione (8CI,9CI)

BDBM22725

NSC8750

HMS3261M15

to_000005

Tox21_201218

Tox21_500387

LMFA12000012

2,3-Butanedione, analytical standard

AKOS000118816

Diacetyl 1000 microg/mL in Methanol

CCG-204481

LP00387

MCULE-5742661187

SDCCGSBI-0050374.P002

NCGC00015336-01

NCGC00015336-02

NCGC00015336-03

NCGC00015336-04

NCGC00015336-05

NCGC00015336-06

NCGC00015336-07

NCGC00090746-01

NCGC00090746-02

NCGC00090746-03

NCGC00258770-01

NCGC00261072-01

CAS-431-03-8

DB-003226

B0682

Butanedione [UN2346] [Flammable liquid]

EU-0100387

NS00003558

EN300-19494

C00741

D 3634

W18292

A826155

Q408916

SR-01000075811

InChI=1/C4H6O2/c1-3(5)4(2)6/h1-2H

SR-01000075811-1

DEE64962-0BD5-454C-8BDA-FDBD33C47181

F0001-1188

BUO

The Henry's Law constant for diacetyl is 1.33X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that diacetyl is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 2.7 days(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 22 days(SRC). Diacetyl's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). Diacetyl is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 56.8 mm Hg(3).
Literature: (1) Betterton EA; Atmos Environ 25A:1473-7 (1991) (2) Lyman WJ et al; Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. Washington, DC: Amer Chem Soc pp. 15-1 to 15-29 (1990) (3) Boublik T et al; The vapor pressures of pure substances. Vol. 17. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier Sci. Publ (1984)

The Koc of diacetyl is estimated as 1(SRC), using a log Kow of -1.34(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that diacetyl is expected to have very mobility in soil.
Literature: (1) Hansch C et al; Exploring QSAR. Hydrophobic, Electronic, and Steric Constants. ACS Prof Ref Book. Heller SR, consult. ed., Washington, DC: Amer Chem Soc p. 9 (1995) (2) US EPA; Estimation Program Interface (EPI) Suite. Ver. 4.1. Nov, 2012. Available from, as of May 31, 2016: http://www2.epa.gov/tsca-screening-tools (3) Swann RL et al; Res Rev 85: 17-28 (1983)

acetoin

3-hydroxy-2-butanone

513-86-0

3-hydroxybutan-2-one

acetylmethylcarbinol

Dimethylketol

Acetyl methyl carbinol

2-Butanone, 3-hydroxy-

2,3-Butanolone

2-Hydroxy-3-butanone

1-Hydroxyethyl methyl ketone

Methanol, acetylmethyl-

Acetoin (natural)

gamma-Hydroxy-beta-oxobutane

3-hydroxyl-2-butanone

FEMA No. 2008

CCRIS 2918

HSDB 974

.gamma.-Hydroxy-.beta.-oxobutane

DL-Acetoin

NSC 7609

2-Acetoin

2-Butanol-3-one

AI3-03314

(+/-)-Acetoin

2-hydroxy-3-oxobutane

BG4D34CO2H

51555-24-9

DTXSID0024399

(+/-)-3-Hydroxybutan-2-one

NSC-7609

MFCD00004521

Acethoin

Butan-2-ol-3-one

EINECS 208-174-1

UN2621

UNII-BG4D34CO2H

1-Hydroxethyl methyl ketone

acetoine

BRN 0385636

acetylmethyl-

beta-oxobutane

2-Butanone, 3-hydroxy-, (R)-

b-oxobutane

Acetoin dimer

3-Oxo-2-butanol

ACETOIN MONOMER

DI-METHYLKETOL

Methanol, acetylmethyl

3-hydroxy-2-oxobutane

2-butanone, 3-hydroxy

3-hydroxy-butan-2-one

ACETOIN (DIMER)

Acetoin (~90%)

ACETOIN [FHFI]

ACETOIN [HSDB]

3-hydroxy-butane-2-one

ACETOIN [MI]

ACETOIN (MONOMER)

Acetoin, analytical standard

Butan-2-one, 3-hydroxy-

Acetoin, >=96%, natural

2-01-00-00870 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)

BUTAN-2-0L-3-ONE

DTXCID304399

ACETOIN (DIMER) [FCC]

CHEMBL3561873

CHEBI:15688

ACETOIN (MONOMER) [FCC]

NSC7609

Acetoin, natural, >=95%, FG

ACETOIN(MAY INCLUDE DIMER)

Acetoin, >=96%, FCC, FG

(S)-3-HYDROXY-2-BUTANONE

NSC89727

Tox21_302518

LMFA12000020

NSC-89727

AKOS000121293

AKOS017278202

MCULE-5374414264

UN 2621

2-Butanone, 3-hydroxy- (8CI,9CI)

Acetoin, May exist as crystalline dimer

Acetoin (may exist as crystalline dimer)

NCGC00256914-01

2-Butanone, 3-hydroxy-, (.+/-.)-

CAS-513-86-0

PD124062

3-Hydroxybutan-2-one (may include dimer)

DB-003392

H0225

NS00011932

EN300-21639

C00466

D93492

Q223083

Q-200581

Acetyl methyl carbinol [UN2621] [Flammable liquid]

2,3,5,6- TETRAMETHYL-1,4-DIOXANE-2,5-DIOL

F0001-1338

The Henry's Law constant for acetoin is estimated as 1.0X0-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that acetoin is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 2 days(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 28 days(SRC). Acetoin's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). Acetoin is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 2.7 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).
Literature: (1) Meylan WM, Howard PH; Environ Toxicol Chem 10: 1283-93 (1991) (2) Lyman WJ et al; Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. Washington, DC: Amer Chem Soc pp. 15-1 to 15-29 (1990) (3) Lyman WJ; p. 31 in Environmental Exposure From Chemicals Vol I, Neely WB, Blau GE, eds, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press (1985)

The Koc of acetoin is estimated as 2(SRC), using a water solubility of 1.0X10+6 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that aetoin is expected to have very high mobility in soil.
Literature: (1) Yalkowsky SH, Dannenfelser RM; The AQUASOL DATABASE of Aqueous Solubility. Ver 5. Tucson, AZ: Univ AZ, College of Pharmacy (1992) (2) Lyman WJ et al; Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. Washington, DC: Amer Chem Soc pp. 4-5 (1990) (3) Swann RL et al; Res Rev 85: 17-28 (1983)

butyric acid

butanoic acid

107-92-6

n-Butyric acid

n-Butanoic acid

propylformic acid

ethylacetic acid

1-propanecarboxylic acid

butyrate

Butanic acid

1-Butyric acid

Buttersaeure

butanoate

Butyric acid (natural)

Kyselina maselna

FEMA No. 2221

Propanecarboxylic acid

1-butanoic acid

acide butyrique

butoic acid

Buttersaeure [German]

Butyricum acidum

FEMA Number 2221

CCRIS 6552

HSDB 940

Kyselina maselna [Czech]

NSC 8415

fattyacids

67254-79-9

acide butanoique

2-butanoate

NORMAL BUTYRIC ACID

AI3-15306

NSC-8415

EINECS 203-532-3

UNII-40UIR9Q29H

MFCD00002814

UN2820

Butyric--d4 Acid

BRN 0906770

40UIR9Q29H

C4:0

DTXSID8021515

CHEBI:30772

Acid, Butanoic

NSC8415

BUTYRIC ACID (D8)

CH3-[CH2]2-COOH

DTXCID401515

EC 203-532-3

butanate

4-02-00-00779 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)

Butyrate sodium

1-butanoate

propanecarboxylate

1-butyrate

Butyric acid [UN2820] [Corrosive]

Sodium n-butyrate

1-propanecarboxylate

BUA

CH3-(CH2)2-COOH

Butyric Acid (Normal)

Acid, Butyric

CAS-107-92-6

sodium-butyrate

Honey robber

Tetranoic Acid

ethyl acetic acid

1ugp

3umq

butanoic acid, 4

TNFa + NaBut

715 - Chocolate

Butyrate, sodium salt

Butyric acid [UN2820] [Corrosive]

BUTYRIC_ACID

n-C3H7COOH

TNFa + Sodium Butyrate

Butyric acid, >=99%

bmse000402

BUTYRIC ACID [MI]

NCIMech_000707

BUTYRIC ACID [FCC]

WLN: QV3

BUTYRIC ACID [HSDB]

BUTYRIC ACID [INCI]

BUTYRIC ACID [VANDF]

CHEMBL14227

BUTYRIC ACID [WHO-DD]

Butyric acid, >=99%, FG

N-BUTYRIC ACID [FHFI]

GTPL1059

BUTYRICUM ACIDUM [HPUS]

BDBM26109

Butyric acid, analytical standard

Bio1_000444

Bio1_000933

Bio1_001422

STR06290

Tox21_202382

Tox21_300164

CCG-35836

FA 4:0

LMFA01010004

STL169349

AKOS000118961

DB03568

MCULE-4116382006

UN 2820

NCGC00247914-01

NCGC00247914-02

NCGC00247914-05

NCGC00253919-01

NCGC00259931-01

BP-21420

NCI60_001424

Butyric acid, natural, >=99%, FCC, FG

DB-318878

B0754

NS00001284

Butyric acid 1000 microg/mL in Acetonitrile

Butyric acid, SAJ special grade, >=99.5%

EN300-21334

C00246

Q193213

W-108732

BRD-K05878375-236-02-4

9B27B3D0-9643-40EC-9A5F-7CA1A6ED7F9F

F2191-0094

Z104495380

InChI=1/C4H8O2/c1-2-3-4(5)6/h2-3H2,1H3,(H,5,6

The Henry's Law constant for n-butanoic acid is measured as 5.35X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that n-butanoic acid is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 64 days(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 471 days(SRC). A pKa of 4.82(3) indicates n-butanoic acid will exist almost entirely in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(4). n-Butanoic acid's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). n-Butanoic acid is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 1.65 mm Hg(5).
Literature: (1) Butler JAV, Ramchandani CN; The Solubility of Non-Electrolytes. Part 2. J Chem Soc pp. 1952-5 (1935) (2) Lyman WJ et al; Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. Washington, DC: Amer Chem Soc pp. 15-1 to 15-29 (1990) (3) Riddick JA et al; Organic Solvents. Techniques of Chemistry 4th ed. New York, NY, Wiley-Interscience 2 pp. 1325 (1986) (4) Doucette WJ; pp. 141-188 in Handbook of Property Estimation Methods for Chemicals. Boethling RS, Mackay D, eds. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publ (2000) (5) Lide DR, ed; CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 76th ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press (1995)

The Koc of n-butanoic acid is estimated as 64(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.79(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). Experimental Koc values for n-butanoic acid on a clastic mud (3.5% organic carbon), a lateritic muddy sand (1.3% organic carbon), and a fine carbonate sand (0.17% organic carbon) were 19.1, 27.6, and 14.7, respectively(3). According to a classification scheme(4), these estimated and experimental Koc values suggest that n-butanoic acid is expected to have very high to high mobility in soil. The percent of n-butanoic acid sorbed to a kalonite or montmorillonite clay at 22 deg C was 14.0% and 19.9% after 48 hours, respectively, which increased to 31.4% and 24.2%, respectively, after 144 hours(5). In a field study in which 100 ppm n-butanoic acid was injected underground, the retardation, relative to the linear ground-water velocity, was calculated to be 3%(6). N-butanoic acid is listed as a compound displaying an L-type adsorption isotherm, indicating that specific binding sites may be involved(7). Experimental studies in indicate that adsorption of n-butanoic acid to moist soil is dominated by attractive forces between the compound and soil and not by hydrophobic interactions(8). The pKa of n-butanoic acid is 4.82(9), indicating that this compound will primarily exist in the anion in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(10).
Literature: (1) Sansone FJ et al; Geochim Cosmochim Acta 51: 1889-96 (1987) (2) Swann RL et al; Res Rev 85: 17-28 (1983) (3) Hemphill L et al; Proc 18th Indust Waste Conf 18: 204-17 (1964) (4) Sutton PA, Barker JF; Ground Water 23: 10-6 (1985) (5) Weber JB, Miller CT; Reactions and Movement of Organic Chemicals in Soils, SSSA Spec Publ No. 22: 305-33 (1989) (6) Ulrich H et al; Env Sci Tech 22: 37-41 (1988) (7) Riddick JA et al; Organic Solvents. Techniques of Chemistry 4th ed. New York, NY, Wiley-Interscience 2:pp. 1325 (1986) (8) Doucette WJ; pp. 141-188 in Handbook of Property Estimation Methods for Chemicals. Boethling RS, Mackay D, eds. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publ (2000)

Isoamyl alcohol

3-Methyl-1-butanol

Isopentyl alcohol

3-Methylbutan-1-ol

123-51-3

Isopentanol

3-Methylbutanol

1-Butanol, 3-methyl-

Isoamylol

Isobutylcarbinol

Iso-amylalkohol

2-Methyl-4-butanol

Isobutyl carbinol

Iso-amyl alcohol

ISOAMYLALCOHOL

Alcool isoamylique

Amylowy alkohol

Isoamyl alkohol

Alcool amilico

Fermentation amyl alcohol

i-Amyl Alcohol

3-Metil-butanolo

isopentan-1-ol

Primary isoamyl alcohol

Isoamyl alcohol (natural)

1-Hydroxy-3-Methylbutane

FEMA No. 2057

FEMA Number 2057

NSC 1029

3-methylbutyl alcohol

MFCD00002934

HSDB 605

Isopentylalkohol

3-Methyl-Butan-1-Ol

Isoamyl alcohol, primary

UNII-DEM9NIT1J4

DEM9NIT1J4

3-methyl-Butanol

EINECS 204-633-5

CCRIS 8806

DTXSID3025469

CHEBI:15837

AI3-15288

Methyl-3-butan-1-ol

NSC-1029

NSC-7905

Butan-1-ol, 3-methyl

Fuseloel

DTXCID705469

Huile de fusel

3-METHYL-BUTAN-(1)-OL

EC 204-633-5

EINECS 229-179-5

Magnesium bis(3-methylbutan-1-olate)

isoamyl-alcohol

WLN: Q2Y1 & 1

Isoamyl alkohol [Czech]

Alcool amilico [Italian]

Amylowy alkohol [Polish]

Iso-amylalkohol [German]

3-METHYL-1-BUTANOL (USP-RS)

3-METHYL-1-BUTANOL [USP-RS]

Alcool isoamylique [French]

3-Metil-butanolo [Italian]

6423-06-9

iso-amylalcohol

isopentylalcohol

3-methylbutanoI

3-methyl butanol

Iso Amyl Alcohol

3-methyl 1-butanol

3-methyl-1 butanol

3-methylbutane-1-ol

Butanol, 3-methyl-

Isoamyl alcohol (primary and secondary)

?3-Methyl-1-butanol

POTATO SPIRIT OIL

3-Methyl-1-butanol, 98%

ISOAMYL ALCOHOL [FCC]

ISOAMYL ALCOHOL [FHFI]

ISOAMYL ALCOHOL [HSDB]

ISOAMYL ALCOHOL [INCI]

ISOPENTYL ALCOHOL [MI]

CHEMBL372396

QSPL 002

Isoamyl alcohol, >=98%, FG

NSC1029

NSC7905

for molecular biology,>99%(GC)

Isoamyl alcohol (3-methyl butanol)

isopentyl alcohol (isoamyl alcohol)

3-Methylbutanol, analytical standard

Tox21_302359

LMFA05000108

STL282718

3-Methyl-1-butanol A.C.S. Reagent

3-Methyl-1-butanol, LR, >=98%

AKOS000118739

DB02296

MCULE-7411270401

3-Methyl-1-butanol, p.a., 99.8%

Isoamyl alcohol, natural, >=98%, FG

3-Methyl-1-butanol, analytical standard

NCGC00255329-01

3-Methyl-1-butanol, anhydrous, >=99%

8013-75-0

CAS-123-51-3

3-Methyl-1-butanol, reagent grade, 98%

3-Methyl-1-butanol, technical grade, 95%

I0289

NS00008204

EN300-19333

3-Methyl-1-butanol, ACS reagent, >=98.5%

3-Methyl-1-butanol, biotech. grade, >=99%

3-Methyl-1-butanol, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%

C07328

3-Methyl-1-butanol, SAJ first grade, >=96.0%

Q223101

3-Methyl-1-butanol, JIS special grade, >=98.0%

F0001-0367

Z104473558

3-Methylbutanol, BioReagent, for molecular biology, >=98.5%

3-Methylbutanol, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, >=98.5% (GC)

3-Methylbutanol, BioUltra, for molecular biology, >=99.0% (GC)

InChI=1/C5H12O/c1-5(2)3-4-6/h5-6H,3-4H2,1-2H

3-Methyl-1-butanol, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard

3-Methylbutanol, p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., 98.5%

The Henry's Law constant for isopentanol is 1.41X10-5 atm-cu m/mol(1). Using this value for the Henry's Law constant, one can estimate that the volatilization half-life of isopentanol in a model river 1 m deep flowing at 1 m/s with a wind speed of 3 m/s is 2.55 days(2). Similarly, the half-life of isopentanol in a model lake 1 m deep with a 0.05 m/s current and a 0.5 m/s wind is 21 days(2). In view of isopentanol's relatively high vapor pressure, 2.37 mm Hg at 25 deg C(3) and moderate Henry's Law constant and low adsorptivity to soil, isopentanol would be expected to volatilize from dry and moist soil(SRC).
Literature: (1) Butler JAV et al; J Chem Soc 1935: 280-5 (1935) (2) Lyman WJ et al; Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. NY: McGraw-Hill Chapt 15 (1982) (3) Riddick JA et al; Organic Solvents 4th ed; pp. 221-2 NY: Wiley (1986)

The Koc for isopentanol estimated from its water solubility, 26.7 mg/L(1), using recommended regression equations are 720(2) and 679(4). However, the chemicals used in developing these equations were mainly pesticides and their structures are not similar to isopentanol. The Koc for isopentanol estimated from molecular structure is 4(3). This should be a reasonable estimate for the Koc because it is close to the experimental value for the structurally similar chemical, 1-pentanol, 1.6(6). According to a suggested classification scheme(5), the estimated Kocs based on molecular structure suggests that isopentanol is very highly mobile in soil(SRC).
Literature: (1) Riddick JA et al; Organic Solvents 4th ed; pp. 211-2 NY: Wiley (1986) (2) Lyman WJ et al; Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. NY: McGraw-Hill Chapt 4 (1982) (3) Meylan WM et al; Environ Sci Technol 26: 1560-7 (1992) (4) Wauchope RD et al; Rev Environ Contam Toxicol 123: 1-155 (1991) (5) Swann RL et al; Res Rev 85: 17-28 (1983) (6) Gerstl Z, Helling CS; J Environ Sci Health B22: 55-69 (1987)